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Pregnancy Common Complications
Common complications information on these conditions, their symptoms, and more.
- Gestational diabetes
- High-blood Pressure/Pre-eclampsia
- Hyperemesis gravidarum
- Placental Abruption
- Placenta Previa
- Premature or Pre-term Labor
- Toxoplasmosi
Are multiple pregnancies riskier than single pregnancies?
While the great majority of multiple pregnancies result in healthy babies, any pregnancy with twins or more is considered high risk. And the more babies you're carrying, the higher your risk of complications. The greatest risk is that you'll deliver the babies prematurely, which increases their chances of health problems.
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What are the chances that I'll deliver prematurely?
According to the March of Dimes, close to 60 percent of all twins and more than 90 percent of triplets are born prematurely [before 37 weeks]. The average twin pregnancy lasts 35 weeks. Triplet pregnancies average 33 weeks, and quad pregnancies average 29 weeks.
What are the risks of premature birth?
Babies born before their time may not be completely ready for the outside world. Their lungs, brain, and other organs may not be fully developed, their immune system may not be ready to fight off infections, and they may not be able to suck or swallow.
The earlier a baby is born, the greater the risks. Premature babies born between 34 and 37 weeks generally do very well. Babies born before 28 weeks may survive, but they'll need intensive medical care and a little luck.
If you go into labor before 34 weeks, your medical team may be able to delay your labor for a few days. They'll use this extra time to treat your babies with corticosteroids, drugs that help a baby's lungs and other organs develop faster to greatly increase the chances of survival.
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What are other potential complications of having multiples?
Aside from preterm labor, there are several possible problems:
Call your doctor or midwife as soon as you can if you:
- are bleeding or leaking fluid from the vagina
- have sudden or severe swelling in the face, hands, or fingers.
- get severe or long-lasting headaches
- have discomfort, pain or cramping in the lower abdomen
- have a fever or chills
- are vomiting or have persistent nausea
- feel discomfort, pain or burning with urination
- have problems seeing or blurred vision
- feel dizzy
- sense a change in your baby's movement
- suspect your baby is moving less than normally after 28 weeks of pregnancy [if you count less than 10 movements in 2 hours or less]
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- Twins and triplets often don't have a chance to reach a healthy weight before they're born. While the average single baby weighs 7 pounds at birth, the average twin weighs 5.5 pounds. Triplets typically weigh 4 pounds each, and quads weigh 3 pounds each. Babies born at under 5.5 pounds are considered to have a low birth weight.
- Babies with low birth weights are likely to have health problems even if they weren't born prematurely. Low-birth weight babies often have trouble breathing on their own. They may not be fully prepared to fight infections, control their body temperature, or put on weight. For these reasons, almost all low- birth weight babies have to spend time in a neonatal intensive care unit before going home.
- Preeclampsia: a disorder characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, develops in roughly 10 to 15 percent of women carrying twins, twice the rate of women carrying one baby. The condition tends to develop earlier as well. And once it starts, it can be especially severe. When preeclampsia is severe, it can affect many of your organs and cause serious or even life-threatening problems.
- Gestational diabetes: seems to be more common in women carrying more than one baby. If you develop gestational diabetes, your practitioner will monitor you closely. You'll most likely be able to keep your blood sugar levels under control with diet and exercise, and by getting insulin shots if you need them. Poorly controlled diabetes can have serious consequences for you and your babies.
- Placental abruption: when the placenta detaches from the uterine wall before delivery, is also more likely when you're carrying more than one baby. It can happen any time in the second half of pregnancy and can lead to growth problems, preterm delivery, or stillbirth.
- In multiple pregnancies, abruption is especially common just after the first baby has been delivered vaginally. Once abruption has occurred, the other baby or babies may have to be delivered by cesarean section.
- Twin-to-twin: transfusion syndrome is a rare but serious complication that occurs in identical twins when blood flows from one baby to the other through their shared placenta.
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